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Basic Table

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Circuit Breakers
What is a Circuit Breaker? Circuit breakers are protective devices, which perform two primary functions: Open and close electrical circuits Similar to switch, circuit breaker can are the primary way to nonautomatic means to energize and de-energize the circuit. In some cases, they can also be opened or closed remotely Current overload and short circuit protection of electrical equipment. Overloading of equipment, such as cables, can deteriorate insulation due to thermal stress cause by heat. As current increases past the cables design rating, insulation will begin to Deteriorate. Over an extended period of time, leakage current will increase, eventually causing a fault event. Do circuit breaker require maintenance? Under normal operating conditions, most electricians or maintenance personnel assume breakers are in good operating condition. This false sense of security results from a lack of visual indicators; alerting personnel to any internal failures. In order verify their condition , breaker must be inspected and tested prior to being put into service and periodicly afterwards, once in service, to asses their operating condition and performance. Defective breakers should be identified before a system failure occurs. Misoperation or failure of a protective device to operate can lead to catastrophic system failure.

Circuit Breakers

Medium Voltage, Greater than 600V

What is a Circuit Breaker?

Circuit breakers are protective devices, which perform two primary functions:

Open and close electrical circuits

Similar to switch, circuit breaker can are the primary way to nonautomatic means to energize and de-energize the circuit. In some cases, they can also be opened or closed remotely

Current overload and short circuit protection of electrical equipment.

Overloading of equipment, such as cables, can deteriorate insulation due to thermal stress cause by heat. As current increases past the cables design rating, insulation will begin to Deteriorate. Over an extended period of time, leakage current will increase, eventually causing a fault event.

Do circuit breaker require maintenance?

Under normal operating conditions, most electricians or maintenance personnel assume breakers are in good operating condition. This false sense of security results from a lack of visual indicators; alerting personnel to any internal failures.
In order verify their condition , breaker must be inspected and tested prior to being put into service and periodicly afterwards, once in service, to asses their operating condition and performance. Defective breakers should be identified before a system failure occurs. Misoperation or failure of a protective device to operate can lead to catastrophic system failure.

Circuit Breakers Types
Low Voltage, less than 600V
Molded-Case Circuit Breakers (MCCBs)	MCCB are the most widely used type of circuit breakers. They are available in a wide range of ratings and are generally used for low-current, low-energy power circuits. They can be found in residential, commercial, and industrial facilities. MCCB are simple mechanical devices which employ a thermal bimetallic element that has inverse time–current characteristics for overcurrent protection and a mechanical magnetic trip element for short-circuit protection Continue reading Demulsifi cation occurs when the tiny droplets unite to form larger drops, which sink to the bottom and form a pool of free water. Water in the free state may be readily removed by fi ltering or centrifugal treatment. However, dissolved water is not removed by centrifugal treatment
Insulated-Case Breakers	Insulated-case circuit breakers are a type of molded-case breaker constructed with glass reinforced insulating material for increased dielectric strength. These breakers can have Electromechanical trip units which was discussed above, or an Electronic trip units offer capabilities such as programming monitoring diagnostics communications system coordination and testing that are not available on thermal magnetic trip units.
Motor Circuit Protector (MCP)	Magnetic-trip-only breakers have no thermal element. Such breakers are principally only used for isolating the circuit and short-circuit protection. Molded-case breakers with magnetic only trips find their application in motor circuit protection. MCP's can be found inside Motor Control Center (MCC). They are typically placed inside a cubical or enclosure, along with motor control elements and a motor overcurrent device; commonly knows as a heater.
Fixed or Draw-Out Power Circuit Breakers	Heavy-duty power circuit breakers employ spring-operated, stored-energy mechanisms for quick-make, quick-break manual or electric operation. Generally, these breakers have draw-out features whereby individual breakers can be put into test and fully de-energized position for testing and maintenance purposes.

Transformer Nameplate Data

General Contacts & Wiring Trip Free Anti Pump Winding Impedance Taps Ratios Temp Rise General: Contacts & Wiring: Trip Free: IEEE C37.04 for medium-voltage circuit breakers requires that they be trip-free, which is a condition in which the mechanism is designed such that the tripping or opening function takes precedence over the closing function. The requirements as elaborated in the standard are: If a closing operation is in progress, and a tripping signal (either mechanical or electrical) is received, the circuit breaker shall react as follows: If the closing signal and the tripping signal are initiated simultaneously, the circuit breaker contacts are permitted to close or touch momentarily before opening. If the closing signal is initiated before the tripping signal is initiated, the circuit breaker contacts are permitted to close or touch momentarily before opening. If the trip circuit uses circuit breaker auxiliary switch contacts (52a contacts, closed when the circuit breaker is closed) or other equivalent contacts, the trip coil of the circuit breaker cannot be energized until these contacts in the trip circuit are made. Therefore, the circuit breaker main contacts are permitted If the tripping command is initiated mechanically (manually) and held in the actuated position before a closing signal (whether electrical or mechanical) is applied, the circuit breaker main contacts are not permitted to close, even momentarily. If the mechanism design requires, the circuit breaker may discharge stored energy but the main contacts are not permitted to move more that 10 percent of the open gap distance. The dielectric withstand capability of the open gap shall not be reduced, and the main contacts shall assume the fully open position. Trip-free is a requirement of all medium-voltage circuit breakers, whether stationary mounted or drawout mounted. Trip-free is an important safety feature, as it assures that the decision to open a circuit breaker dominates over the command to close. Further, and probably most important, if there were no trip-free functional requirement, it would not be possible to lock a circuit breaker open (fundamental to lockout-tagout procedures) when performing maintenance. Anti-Pump: IEEE C37.11 for circuit breaker control circuits requires the anti-pump function. This requires that when an electrical closing command is issued, only a single closing operation results. This is normally accomplished by incorporating an anti-pump relay in the close circuit. The anti-pump relay is energized at the same time that the close signal is applied. The anti-pump relay is connected so that it seals in as long as the close signal is maintained. The anti-pump relay, when sealed in, opens a contact in the close circuit. Thus, the circuit breaker closes, but if the close signal is maintained, the close circuit has an open contact in the circuit, preventing further close operations as long as the close signal is maintained. The anti-pump function is a very important feature of control circuits. Without the anti-pump function, if the user connected a maintained contact in the close circuit, and the circuit breaker were closed into a fault current, the protective relays would cause an immediate trip action, but the maintained contact in the close circuit would initiate closing (again) into the fault. This process is called “pumping”, and would lead to ultimate catastrophic failure of some element in the system, perhaps the conductors leading to the fault, perhaps the circuit breaker, or elsewhere in the system. Therefore, anti-pump is one of the fundamental requirements for every medium-voltage circuit breaker. Note that the anti-pump function is reset if the control power supply is removed for some reason. When this happens, the anti-pump relay contact in the close circuit closes to complete the close circuit. Then, if a maintained contact in the user’s control circuit is closed, and the control power is restored, the circuit breaker will close. However, after this initial close operation, the anti-pump relay will be sealed in, and further closing operations will be prevented until the maintained contact is opened or the control power supply is interrupted. This illustrates that a maintained contact should never be used in a close circuit. Winding Configurations What is Meant by "Impedance" in Transformers? \(I_{FLA}=\frac{KVA \cdot 1000}{V_{phase} \cdot Z} \) Calculate as follows: Determine a minimum circuit breaker trip rating and interrupting capacity for a 10 KVA single phase transformer with 4% impedance, to be operated from a 480 volt 50 Hz source. Voltage Taps: In order to compensate for this voltage difference, transformers secondary voltage can be adjusted to nominal levels by adjusting the transformer's primary winding's voltage Tap. Changing Voltage Taps Temperature Rise: Transformer temperature rise is defined as the average temperature rise of the windings above the ambient (surrounding) temperature, when the transformer is loaded at its nameplate rating. Sound Level: Unless otherwise specified, transformer sound levels shall conform to ANSI/NEMA as follows: K Factor: Per the NEC, transformers feeding non-linear loads shall be K-factor rated. K-factor is the ratio between the additional losses due to harmonics and eddy current losses at 60Hz. What is BIL and How Does it Apply to Transformers Listed BIL is an abbreviation for Basic Impulse Level. Impulse tests are dielectric tests that consist of the application

Transformer Nameplate Data

Medium Voltage Circuit Breaker Nameplate Data

Temp Rise

General:

Contacts & Wiring:

Trip Free:

IEEE C37.04 for medium-voltage circuit breakers requires that they be trip-free, which is a condition in which the mechanism is designed such that the tripping or opening function takes precedence over the closing function. The requirements as elaborated in the standard are:

If a closing operation is in progress, and a tripping signal (either mechanical or electrical) is received, the circuit breaker shall react as follows:

If the closing signal and the tripping signal are initiated simultaneously, the circuit breaker contacts are permitted to close or touch momentarily before opening.
If the closing signal is initiated before the tripping signal is initiated, the circuit breaker contacts are permitted to close or touch momentarily before opening.
If the trip circuit uses circuit breaker auxiliary switch contacts (52a contacts, closed when the circuit breaker is closed) or other equivalent contacts, the trip coil of the circuit breaker cannot be energized until these contacts in the trip circuit are made. Therefore, the circuit breaker main contacts are permitted
If the tripping command is initiated mechanically (manually) and held in the actuated position before a closing signal (whether electrical or mechanical) is applied, the circuit breaker main contacts are not permitted to close, even momentarily. If the mechanism design requires, the circuit breaker may discharge stored energy but the main contacts are not permitted to move more that 10 percent of the open gap distance. The dielectric withstand capability of the open gap shall not be reduced, and the main contacts shall assume the fully open position.

Trip-free is a requirement of all medium-voltage circuit breakers, whether stationary mounted or drawout mounted.

Trip-free is an important safety feature, as it assures that the decision to open a circuit breaker dominates over the command to close. Further, and probably most important, if there were no trip-free functional requirement, it would not be possible to lock a circuit breaker open (fundamental to lockout-tagout procedures) when performing maintenance.

Anti-Pump:

IEEE C37.11 for circuit breaker control circuits requires the anti-pump function. This requires that when an electrical closing command is issued, only a single closing operation results. This is normally accomplished by incorporating an anti-pump relay in the close circuit. The anti-pump relay is energized at the same time that the close signal is applied. The anti-pump relay is connected so that it seals in as long as the close signal is maintained. The anti-pump relay, when sealed in, opens a contact in the close circuit.

Thus, the circuit breaker closes, but if the close signal is maintained, the close circuit has an open contact in the circuit, preventing further close operations as long as the close signal is maintained.

The anti-pump function is a very important feature of control circuits. Without the anti-pump function, if the user connected a maintained contact in the close circuit, and the circuit breaker were closed into a fault current, the protective relays would cause an immediate trip action, but the maintained contact in the close circuit would initiate closing (again) into the fault. This process is called “pumping”, and would lead to ultimate catastrophic failure of some element in the system, perhaps the conductors leading to the fault, perhaps the circuit breaker, or elsewhere in the system. Therefore, anti-pump is one of the fundamental requirements for every medium-voltage circuit breaker.

Note that the anti-pump function is reset if the control power supply is removed for some reason. When this happens, the anti-pump relay contact in the close circuit closes to complete the close circuit. Then, if a maintained contact in the user’s control circuit is closed, and the control power is restored, the circuit breaker will close. However, after this initial close operation, the anti-pump relay will be sealed in, and further closing operations will be prevented until the maintained contact is opened or the control power supply is interrupted.

This illustrates that a maintained contact should never be used in a close circuit.

Winding Configurations

What is Meant by "Impedance" in Transformers?

\(I_{FLA}=\frac{KVA \cdot 1000}{V_{phase} \cdot Z} \)

Calculate as follows:

Determine a minimum circuit breaker trip rating and interrupting capacity for a 10 KVA single phase transformer with 4% impedance, to be operated from a 480 volt 50 Hz source.

Voltage Taps:

In order to compensate for this voltage difference, transformers secondary voltage can be adjusted to nominal levels by adjusting the transformer's primary winding's voltage Tap.

Changing Voltage Taps

Temperature Rise:

Transformer temperature rise is defined as the average temperature rise of the windings above the ambient (surrounding) temperature, when the transformer is loaded at its nameplate rating.

Sound Level:

Unless otherwise specified, transformer sound levels shall conform to ANSI/NEMA as follows:

K Factor:

Per the NEC, transformers feeding non-linear loads shall be K-factor rated.
K-factor is the ratio between the additional losses due to harmonics and eddy current losses at 60Hz.

What is BIL and How Does it Apply to Transformers Listed

BIL is an abbreviation for Basic Impulse Level. Impulse tests are dielectric tests that consist of the application

NETA Test Procedure
NETA ATS Circuit Breakers Air Insulated Vacuum Tubes Oil Insulated SF6 Gas NETA MTS Circuit Breakers Insulated-Case, Molded-Case Low Voltage Power TABLES NETA ATS /MTS NETA Table 100.1 NETA Table 100.7 NETA Table 100.8 NETA Table 100.12 NETA Table 100.20 NETA ATS 7.6.1.3 Circuit Breakers, Air, Medium-Voltage A. Visual and Mechanical Inspection: Compare equipment nameplate data with drawings and specifications Inspect physical and mechanical condition. Inspect anchorage, alignment, and grounding. Verify that all maintenance devices are available for servicing and operating the breaker. Verify the unit is clean. Verify the arc chutes are intact. Inspect moving and stationary contacts for condition and alignment. If recommended by manufacturer, slow close/open breaker and check for binding, friction, contact alignment, and penetration. Verify that contact sequence is in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. In the absence of manufacturer’s published data, refer to ANSI/IEEE C37.04. Perform all mechanical operation tests on the operating mechanism in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. Inspect bolted electrical connections for high resistance using one or more of the following methods: Use of a low-resistance ohmmeter in accordance with Section 7.6.1.3.B.1. Verify tightness of accessible bolted electrical connections by calibrated torquewrench method in accordance with manufacturer’s published data or Table 100.12. Perform a thermographic survey in accordance with Section 9. verify cell fit and element alignment. Verify racking mechanism operation. Inspect puffer operation. Verify appropriate lubrication on moving current-carrying parts and on moving and sliding surfaces. Perform contact-timing test. Perform mechanism-motion analysis. Perform trip/close coil current signature analysis. Record as-found and as-left operation-counter readings. B. Electrical Tests: Perform resistance measurements through bolted connections with a low-resistance ohmmeter, if applicable. See Section 7.6.1.3.A.10.1. Perform insulation-resistance tests for one minute on each pole, phase-to-phase and phase-toground with circuit breaker closed, and across each open pole. Apply voltage in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. In the absence of manufacturer’s published data, use Table 100.1. Perform a contact/pole-resistance test. Perform insulation-resistance tests on all control wiring with respect to ground. Applied potential shall be 500 volts dc for 300-volt rated cable and 1000 volts dc for 600-volt rated cable. Test duration shall be one minute. For units with solid-state components or control devices that can not tolerate the applied voltage, follow manufacturer’s recommendation. With breaker in the test position, make the following tests: Trip and close breaker with the control switch. Trip breaker by operating each of its protective relays. Verify mechanism charge, trip-free, and antipump functions. Perform minimum pickup voltage tests on trip and close coils in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. Perform power-factor or dissipation-factor tests with breaker in both the open and closed positions. Perform power-factor or dissipation-factor tests on each bushing equipped with a powerfactor/ capacitance tap. In the absence of a power-factor/ capacitance tap, perform hot-collar tests. These tests shall be in accordance with the test equipment manufacturer’s published data. Perform a dielectric withstand voltage test on each phase with the circuit breaker closed and the poles not under test grounded. Apply voltage in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. In the absence of manufacturer’s published data, use Table 100.19. Measure blowout coil circuit resistance. Verify operation of heaters. Test instrument transformers in accordance with Section 7.10. C. Test Values – Visual and Mechanical Mechanical operation and contact alignment shall be in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. (7.6.1.3.A.9) Compare bolted connection resistance values to values of similar connections. Investigate values which deviate from those of similar bolted connections by more than 50 percent of the lowest value. (7.6.1.3.A.10.1) Bolt-torque levels shall be in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. In the absence of manufacturer’s published data, use Table 100.12. (7.6.1.3.A.10.2) Results of the thermographic survey shall be in accordance with Section 9. (7.6.1.3.A.10.3) Contact timing values shall be in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. (7.6.1.3.A.15). Travel and velocity values shall be in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. (7.6.1.3.A.16) Trip/close coil current values shall be in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. (7.6.1.3.A.17). Operations counter shall advance one digit per close-open cycle. (7.6.1.3.A.18) D. Test Values – Electrical Compare bolted connection resistance values to values of similar connections. Investigate values which deviate from those of similar bolted connections by more than 50 percent of the lowest value. Insulation-resistance values of circuit breakers shall be in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. In the absence of manufacturer’s published data, use Table 100.1. Values of insulation resistance less than this table or manufacturer’s recommendations should be investigated. Microhm or dc millivolt drop values shall not exceed the high levels of the normal range as indicated in the manufacturer’s published data. In the absence of manufacturer’s published data, investigate values that deviate from adjacent poles or similar breakers by more than 50 percent of the lowest value. Insulation-resistance values of control wiring shall not be less than two megohms. Breaker mechanism charge, close, open, trip, trip-free, and antipump features shall function as designed. Minimum pickup voltage of the trip and close coils shall conform to the manufacturer’s published data. In the absence of the manufacturer’s published data, refer to Table 100.20. Power-factor or dissipation-factor values shall be compared with previous test results of similar breakers or manufacturer’s published data. Power-factor or dissipation-factor and capacitance values shall be within ten percent of nameplate rating for bushings. Hot collar tests are evaluated on a milliampere/milliwatt loss basis, and the results shall be compared to values of similar bushings. If no evidence of distress or insulation failure is observed by the end of the total time of voltage application during the dielectric withstand test, the circuit breaker is considered to have passed the test. The blowout coil circuit shall exhibit continuity. Heaters shall be operational. The results of instrument transformer tests shall be in accordance with Section 7.10. NETA ATS 7.6.3 Circuit Breakers, Vacuum, Medium-Voltage A. Visual and Mechanical Inspection: Compare equipment nameplate data with drawings and specifications. Inspect physical and mechanical condition. Inspect anchorage, alignment, and grounding. Verify that all maintenance devices such as special tools and gauges specified by the manufacturer are available for servicing and operating the breaker. Verify the unit is clean. Perform all mechanical operation tests on the operating mechanism in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. Measure critical distances such as contact gap as recommended by manufacturer. Inspect bolted electrical connections for high resistance using one or more of the following methods: Use of low-resistance ohmmeter in accordance with Section 7.6.3.B.1. Verify tightness of accessible bolted electrical connections by calibrated torquewrench method in accordance with manufacturer’s published data or Table 100.12. Perform thermographic survey in accordance with Section 9. Verify cell fit and element alignment. Verify racking mechanism operation. Verify appropriate lubrication on moving, current-carrying parts and on moving and sliding surfaces. Perform contact-timing test. Perform trip/close coil current signature analysis. Perform mechanism motion analysis. Record as-found and as-left operation counter readings. B. Electrical Tests: Perform resistance measurements through bolted connections with a low-resistance ohmmeter, if applicable, in accordance with Section 7.6.3.A.8.1. Perform insulation-resistance tests for one minute on each pole, phase-to-phase and phase-toground with the circuit breaker closed, and across each open pole. Test voltage shall be in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. In the absence of manufacturer’s published data, use Table 100.1. Perform insulation-resistance tests on all control wiring with respect to ground. Applied potential shall be 500 volts dc for 300-volt rated cable and 1000 volts dc for 600-volt rated cable. Test duration shall be one minute. For units with solid-state components, follow manufacturer’s recommendation. Perform dynamic contact/pole resistance test. Perform minimum pickup voltage tests on trip and close coils in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. Verify correct operation of any auxiliary features such as electrical close and trip operation, trip-free, and antipump function. Trip circuit breaker by operation of each protective device. Reset all trip logs and indicators. Perform power-factor or dissipation-factor tests on each pole with the breaker open and each phase with the breaker closed. Perform power-factor or dissipation-factor tests on each bushing equipped with a powerfactor/ capacitance tap. In the absence of a power-factor/ capacitance tap, perform hot-collar tests. These tests shall be in accordance with the test equipment manufacturer’s published data. Perform magnetron atmospheric condition (MAC) test on each vacuum interrupter. Perform vacuum bottle integrity (dielectric withstand voltage) test across each vacuum bottle with the breaker in the open position in strict accordance with manufacturer’s published data. Perform a dielectric withstand voltage test in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. Verify operation of heaters. Test instrument transformers in accordance with Section 7.10. C. Test Values – Visual and Mechanical Critical distance measurements such as contact gap shall be in accordance with the manufacturer’s published data. (7.6.3.A.7) Compare bolted connection resistance values to values of similar connections. Investigate values which deviate from those of similar bolted connections by more than 50 percent of the lowest value. (7.6.3.A.8.1) Bolt-torque levels shall be in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. In the absence of manufacturer’s published data, use Table 100.12. (7.6.3.A.8.2) Results of the thermographic survey shall be in accordance with Section 9. (7.6.3.A.8.3) Contact timing values shall be in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. (7.6.3.A.12) Trip/close coil current values shall be in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. (7.6.3.A.13) Travel and velocity values shall be in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. (7.6.3.A.14) Operation counter shall advance one digit per close-open cycle. (7.6.3.A.15) D. Test Values – Electrical < Compare bolted connection resistance values to values of similar connections. Investigate values which deviate from those of similar bolted connections by more than 50 percent of the lowest value. Insulation-resistance values of circuit breakers shall be in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. In the absence of manufacturer’s published data, use Table 100.1. Values of insulation resistance less than this table or manufacturer’s recommendations should be investigated. Insulation-resistance values of control wiring shall not be less than two megohms. Microhm or dc millivolt drop values shall not exceed the high levels of the normal range as indicated in the manufacturer’s published data. In the absence of manufacturer’s published data, investigate values that deviate from adjacent poles or similar breakers by more than 50 percent of the lowest value. Dynamic contact resistance values shall be in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. Minimum pickup voltage of the trip and close coils shall conform to the manufacturer’s published data. In the absence of the manufacturer’s published data, refer to Table 100.20. Auxiliary features shall operate in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. Protective devices shall operate the breaker per system design. Power-factor or dissipation-factor values shall be compared to manufacturer’s published data. In the absence of manufacturer’s published data the comparison shall be made to similar breakers. Power-factor or dissipation-factor and capacitance values shall be within ten percent of nameplate rating for bushings. Hot collar tests are evaluated on a milliampere/milliwatt loss basis, and the results should be compared to values of similar bushings. Evaluate each vacuum interrupter in accordance with test equipment manufacturer’s instructions. If no evidence of distress or insulation failure is observed by the end of the total time of voltage application during the dielectric withstand test, the test specimen is considered to have passed the test. Heaters shall be operational. Results of instrument transformer tests shall be in accordance with Section 7.10. NETA ATS 7.6.2 Circuit Breakers, Oil, Medium- and High-Voltage A. Visual and Mechanical Inspection: Compare equipment nameplate data with drawings and specifications. Inspect physical and mechanical condition. Inspect anchorage, alignment, grounding, and required clearances. Verify that all maintenance devices such as special tools and gauges specified by the manufacturer are available for servicing and operating the breaker. Verify correct oil level in all tanks and bushings. Verify that breather vents are clear. Verify the unit is clean. Inspect hydraulic system and air compressor in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. Test alarms and pressure-limit switches for pneumatic and hydraulic operators as recommended by the manufacturer. Perform mechanical operation tests on the operating mechanism in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. While performing internal inspection: Remove oil. Lower tanks or remove manhole covers as necessary. Inspect bottom of tank for broken parts and debris. Inspect lift rod and toggle assemblies, contacts, interrupters, bumpers, dashpots, bushing current transformers, tank liners, and gaskets. Verify that contact sequence is in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. In the absence of manufacturer’s published data, refer to ANSI/IEEE C37.04. Fill tank(s) with filtered oil. Inspect bolted electrical connections for high resistance using one or more of the following methods: Use of low-resistance ohmmeter in accordance with Section 7.6.2.B.1. Verify tightness of accessible bolted electrical connections by calibrated torquewrench method in accordance with manufacturer’s published data or Table 100.12. Perform thermographic survey in accordance with Section 9. Verify cell fit and element alignment, if applicable. Verify racking mechanism operation, if applicable. Perform contact-timing test. Perform mechanism-motion analysis. Perform trip/close coil current signature analysis. Verify appropriate lubrication on moving current-carrying parts and on moving and sliding surfaces. Record as-found and as-left operation counter readings. B. Electrical Tests: Perform resistance measurements through bolted connections with a low-resistance ohmmeter, if applicable, in accordance with Section 7.6.2.A.12.1 Perform insulation-resistance tests for one minute on each pole, phase-to-phase and phase-toground with circuit-breaker closed, and across each open pole. Test voltage shall be in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. In the absence of manufacturer’s published data, use Table 100.1. Perform a static contact/pole resistance test. Perform a dynamic contact/pole resistance test. Perform insulation-resistance tests on all control wiring with respect to ground. Applied potential shall be 500 volts dc for 300-volt rated cable and 1000 volts dc for 600-volt rated cable. Test duration shall be one minute. For units with solid-state components, follow manufacturer’s recommendation. Remove a sample of insulating liquid in accordance with ASTM D 923. Sample shall be tested in accordance with the referenced standard. Dielectric breakdown voltage: ASTM D 877 Color: ANSI/ASTM D 1500 Power factor: ASTM D 924 Interfacial tension: ASTM D 971 Visual condition: ASTM D 1524 Neutralization number (acidity): ASTM D974 Water content: ASTM D1533 Perform minimum pickup voltage tests on trip and close coils in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. Verify correct operation of any auxiliary features such as electrical close and trip operation, trip-free, antipump function. Trip circuit breaker by operation of each protective device. Reset all trip logs and indicators. Perform power-factor or dissipation-factor tests on each pole with breaker open and each phase with breaker closed. Determine tank loss index. Perform power-factor or dissipation-factor tests on each bushing equipped with a powerfactor/ capacitance tap. In the absence of a power-factor/ capacitance tap, perform hot-collar tests. These tests shall be in accordance with the test equipment manufacturer’s published data. Perform a dielectric withstand voltage test in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. Verify operation of heaters. Test instrument transformers in accordance with Section 7.10. C. Test Values – Visual and Mechanical Settings for alarm, pressure, and limit switches shall be in accordance with owner’s specifications. In the absence of owner’s specifications use manufacturer’s published data. (7.6.2.A.9) Compare bolted connection resistance values to values of similar connections. Investigate values which deviate from those of similar bolted connections by more than 50 percent of the lowest value. (7.6.2.A.12.1) Bolt-torque levels shall be in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. In the absence of manufacturer’s published data, use Table 100.12. (7.6.2.A.12.2) Results of the thermographic survey shall be in accordance with Section 9. (7.6.2.A.12.3) Contact timing values shall be in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. (7.6.2.A.15). Travel and velocity values shall be in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. (7.6.2.A.16) Trip/close coil current values shall be in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. (7.6.2.A.17). Operations counter shall advance one digit per close-open cycle. (7.6.2.A.19) D. Test Values – Electrical Compare bolted connection resistance values to values of similar connections. Investigate values which deviate from those of similar bolted connections by more than 50 percent of the lowest value. Insulation-resistance values of circuit breakers shall be in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. In the absence of manufacturer’s published data, use Table 100.1. Values of insulation resistance less than this table or manufacturer’s recommendations should be investigated. Microhm or dc millivolt drop values shall not exceed the high levels of the normal range as indicated in the manufacturer’s published data. If manufacturer’s published data is not available, investigate values that deviate from adjacent poles or similar breakers by more than 50 percent of the lowest value. Dynamic contact resistance values shall be in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. Insulation-resistance values of control wiring shall not be less than two megohms. Insulating liquid test results shall be in accordance with Table 100.4. Minimum pickup voltage of the trip and close coils shall conform to the manufacturer’s published data. In the absence of the manufacturer’s published data, refer to Table 100.20. Auxiliary features shall operate in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. Protective devices shall operate the breaker per system design. Power-factor or dissipation-factor values and tank loss index shall be compared to manufacturer’s published data. In the absence of manufacturer’s published data, the comparison shall be made to test data from similar breakers or data from test equipment manufacturers. Power-factor or dissipation-factor and capacitance values shall be within ten percent of nameplate rating for bushings. Hot collar tests are evaluated on a milliampere/milliwatt loss basis, and the results should be compared to values of similar bushings. If no evidence of distress or insulation failure is observed by the end of the total time of voltage application during the dielectric withstand test, the test specimen is considered to have passed the test. Heaters shall be operational. Results of electrical tests on instrument transformers shall be in accordance with Section 7.10. NETA ATS 7.6.4 Circuit Breakers, SF6 A. Visual and Mechanical Inspection: Compare equipment nameplate data with drawings and specifications. Inspect physical and mechanical condition. Inspect anchorage, alignment, and grounding. Verify that all maintenance devices such as special tools and gauges specified by the manufacturer are available for servicing and operating the breaker. Verify the unit is clean. When provisions are made for sampling, remove a sample of SF6 gas and test in accordance with Table 100.13. Do not break seal or distort “sealed-for-life” interrupters. Inspect operating mechanism and/or hydraulic or pneumatic system and SF6 gas-insulated system in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. Test for SF6 gas leaks in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. Verify correct operation of alarms and pressure-limit switches for pneumatic, hydraulic, and SF6 gas pressure in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. If recommended by manufacturer, slow close/open breaker and check for binding, friction, contact alignment, and penetration. Verify that contact sequence is in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. In the absence of manufacturer’s published data, refer to ANSI/IEEE C37.04. Perform all mechanical operation tests on the operating mechanism in accordance with the manufacturer’s published data. Inspect all bolted electrical connections for high resistance using one or more of the following methods: Use of a low-resistance ohmmeter in accordance with Section 7.6.4.B.1. Verify tightness of accessible bolted electrical connections by calibrated torquewrench method in accordance with manufacturer’s published data or Table 100.12. Perform a thermographic survey in accordance with Section 9. Verify the appropriate lubrication on moving current-carrying parts and on moving and sliding surfaces. Perform contact-timing test. Perform trip/close coil signature analysis. Perform mechanism motion analysis. Record as-found and as-left operation counter readings. B. Electrical Tests: Perform resistance measurements through all bolted connections with a low-resistance ohmmeter, if applicable, in accordance with Section 7.6.4.A.12.1. Perform insulation-resistance tests in accordance with Table 100.1 from each pole-to-ground with breaker closed and across open poles at each phase. For single-tank breakers, perform insulation resistance tests in accordance with Table 100.1 from pole-to-pole. Perform a contact/pole-resistance test. Perform insulation-resistance tests on all control wiring with respect to ground. Applied potential shall be 500 volts dc for 300-volt rated cable and 1000 volts dc for 600-volt rated cable. Test duration shall be one minute. For units with solid-state components or for control devices that cannot tolerate the voltage, follow manufacturer’s recommendation. Perform minimum pickup voltage tests on trip and close coils in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. Verify correct operation of any auxiliary features such as electrical close and trip operation, trip-free, and antipump function. Reset all trip logs and indicators. Trip circuit breaker by operation of each protective device. Perform power-factor or dissipation-factor tests on each pole with the breaker open and on each phase with the breaker closed. Perform power-factor or dissipation-factor tests on each bushing equipped with a powerfactor/ capacitance tap. In the absence of a power-factor/ capacitance tap, perform hot-collar tests. These tests shall be in accordance with the test equipment manufacturer’s published data. Perform a dielectric withstand voltage test in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. Verify operation of heaters. Test instrument transformers in accordance with Section 7.10. C. Test Values – Visual and Mechanical SF6 gas shall have values in accordance with Table 100.13. (7.6.4.A.6) Results of the SF6 gas leak test shall confirm that no SF6 gas leak exists. (7.6.4.A.8) Settings for alarm, pressure, and limit switches shall be in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. (7.6.4.A.9) Compare bolted connection resistance values to values of similar connections. Investigate values which deviate from those of similar bolted connections by more than 50 percent of the lowest value. (7.6.4.A.12.1) Bolt-torque levels shall be in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. In the absence of manufacturer’s published data, use Table 100.12. (7.6.4.A.12.2) Results of the thermographic survey shall be in accordance with Section 9. (7.6.4.A.12.3) Contact timing values shall be in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. (7.6.4.A.14) Trip/close coil current values shall be in accordance with manufacturer’s published data (7.6.4.A.15) Travel and velocity values shall be in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. (7.6.4.A.16) Operations counter shall advance one digit per close-open cycle. (7.6.4.A.17) D. Test Values – Electrical Compare bolted connection resistance values to values of similar connections. Investigate values which deviate from those of similar bolted connections by more than 50 percent of the lowest value. Insulation-resistance values of circuit breakers shall be in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. In the absence of manufacturer’s published data, use Table 100.1. Values of insulation resistance less than this table or manufacturer’s recommendations should be investigated. Microhm or dc millivolt drop values shall not exceed the high levels of the normal range as indicated in the manufacturer’s published data. In the absence of manufacturer’s published data, investigate values that deviate from adjacent poles or similar breakers by more than 50 percent of the lowest value. Insulation-resistance values of control wiring shall not be less than two megohms. Minimum pickup voltage of the trip and close coils shall conform to the manufacturer’s published data. In the absence of the manufacturer’s published data, refer to Table 100.20. Auxiliary features shall operate in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. Protective devices shall operate the breaker per the system design. Power-factor or dissipation-factor values shall be compared to manufacturer’s published data. In the absence of manufacturer’s published data, the comparison shall be made to test data from similar breakers or data from test equipment manufacturers. Power-factor or dissipation-factor and capacitance test values shall be within ten percent of nameplate rating for bushings. Hot collar tests are evaluated on a milliampere/milliwatt loss basis, and the results shall be compared to values of similar bushings. If no evidence of distress or insulation failure is observed by the end of the total time of voltage application during the dielectric withstand test, the test specimen is considered to have passed the test. Heaters shall be operational. Results of electrical tests on instrument transformers shall be in accordance with Section 7.10. NETA ATS 7.6.1.3 Circuit Breakers, Air, Medium-Voltage A. Visual and Mechanical Inspection: Compare equipment nameplate data with drawings and specifications Inspect physical and mechanical condition. Inspect anchorage, alignment, and grounding. Verify that all maintenance devices are available for servicing and operating the breaker. Verify the unit is clean. Verify the arc chutes are intact. Inspect moving and stationary contacts for condition and alignment. If recommended by manufacturer, slow close/open breaker and check for binding, friction, contact alignment, and penetration. Verify that contact sequence is in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. In the absence of manufacturer’s published data, refer to ANSI/IEEE C37.04. Perform all mechanical operation tests on the operating mechanism in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. Inspect bolted electrical connections for high resistance using one or more of the following methods: Use of a low-resistance ohmmeter in accordance with Section 7.6.1.3.B.1. Verify tightness of accessible bolted electrical connections by calibrated torquewrench method in accordance with manufacturer’s published data or Table 100.12. Perform a thermographic survey in accordance with Section 9. verify cell fit and element alignment. Verify racking mechanism operation. Inspect puffer operation. Verify appropriate lubrication on moving current-carrying parts and on moving and sliding surfaces. Perform contact-timing test. Perform mechanism-motion analysis. Perform trip/close coil current signature analysis. Record as-found and as-left operation-counter readings. B. Electrical Tests: Perform resistance measurements through bolted connections with a low-resistance ohmmeter, if applicable. See Section 7.6.1.3.A.10.1. Perform insulation-resistance tests for one minute on each pole, phase-to-phase and phase-toground with circuit breaker closed, and across each open pole. Apply voltage in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. In the absence of manufacturer’s published data, use Table 100.1. Perform a contact/pole-resistance test. Perform insulation-resistance tests on all control wiring with respect to ground. Applied potential shall be 500 volts dc for 300-volt rated cable and 1000 volts dc for 600-volt rated cable. Test duration shall be one minute. For units with solid-state components or control devices that can not tolerate the applied voltage, follow manufacturer’s recommendation. With breaker in the test position, make the following tests: Trip and close breaker with the control switch. Trip breaker by operating each of its protective relays. Verify mechanism charge, trip-free, and antipump functions. Perform minimum pickup voltage tests on trip and close coils in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. Perform power-factor or dissipation-factor tests with breaker in both the open and closed positions. Perform power-factor or dissipation-factor tests on each bushing equipped with a powerfactor/ capacitance tap. In the absence of a power-factor/ capacitance tap, perform hot-collar tests. These tests shall be in accordance with the test equipment manufacturer’s published data. Perform a dielectric withstand voltage test on each phase with the circuit breaker closed and the poles not under test grounded. Apply voltage in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. In the absence of manufacturer’s published data, use Table 100.19. Measure blowout coil circuit resistance. Verify operation of heaters. Test instrument transformers in accordance with Section 7.10. C. Test Values – Visual and Mechanical Mechanical operation and contact alignment shall be in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. (7.6.1.3.A.9) Compare bolted connection resistance values to values of similar connections. Investigate values which deviate from those of similar bolted connections by more than 50 percent of the lowest value. (7.6.1.3.A.10.1) Bolt-torque levels shall be in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. In the absence of manufacturer’s published data, use Table 100.12. (7.6.1.3.A.10.2) Results of the thermographic survey shall be in accordance with Section 9. (7.6.1.3.A.10.3) Contact timing values shall be in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. (7.6.1.3.A.15). Travel and velocity values shall be in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. (7.6.1.3.A.16) Trip/close coil current values shall be in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. (7.6.1.3.A.17). Operations counter shall advance one digit per close-open cycle. (7.6.1.3.A.18) D. Test Values – Electrical Compare bolted connection resistance values to values of similar connections. Investigate values which deviate from those of similar bolted connections by more than 50 percent of the lowest value. Insulation-resistance values of circuit breakers shall be in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. In the absence of manufacturer’s published data, use Table 100.1. Values of insulation resistance less than this table or manufacturer’s recommendations should be investigated. Microhm or dc millivolt drop values shall not exceed the high levels of the normal range as indicated in the manufacturer’s published data. In the absence of manufacturer’s published data, investigate values that deviate from adjacent poles or similar breakers by more than 50 percent of the lowest value. Insulation-resistance values of control wiring shall not be less than two megohms. Breaker mechanism charge, close, open, trip, trip-free, and antipump features shall function as designed. Minimum pickup voltage of the trip and close coils shall conform to the manufacturer’s published data. In the absence of the manufacturer’s published data, refer to Table 100.20. Power-factor or dissipation-factor values shall be compared with previous test results of similar breakers or manufacturer’s published data. Power-factor or dissipation-factor and capacitance values shall be within ten percent of nameplate rating for bushings. Hot collar tests are evaluated on a milliampere/milliwatt loss basis, and the results shall be compared to values of similar bushings. If no evidence of distress or insulation failure is observed by the end of the total time of voltage application during the dielectric withstand test, the circuit breaker is considered to have passed the test. The blowout coil circuit shall exhibit continuity. Heaters shall be operational. The results of instrument transformer tests shall be in accordance with Section 7.10. NETA ATS 7.6.3 Circuit Breakers, Vacuum, Medium-Voltage A. Visual and Mechanical Inspection: Compare equipment nameplate data with drawings and specifications. Inspect physical and mechanical condition. Inspect anchorage, alignment, and grounding. Verify that all maintenance devices such as special tools and gauges specified by the manufacturer are available for servicing and operating the breaker. Verify the unit is clean. Perform all mechanical operation tests on the operating mechanism in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. Measure critical distances such as contact gap as recommended by manufacturer. Inspect bolted electrical connections for high resistance using one or more of the following methods: Use of low-resistance ohmmeter in accordance with Section 7.6.3.B.1. Verify tightness of accessible bolted electrical connections by calibrated torquewrench method in accordance with manufacturer’s published data or Table 100.12. Perform thermographic survey in accordance with Section 9. Verify cell fit and element alignment. Verify racking mechanism operation. Verify appropriate lubrication on moving, current-carrying parts and on moving and sliding surfaces. Perform contact-timing test. Perform trip/close coil current signature analysis. Perform mechanism motion analysis. Record as-found and as-left operation counter readings. B. Electrical Tests: Perform resistance measurements through bolted connections with a low-resistance ohmmeter, if applicable, in accordance with Section 7.6.3.A.8.1. Perform insulation-resistance tests for one minute on each pole, phase-to-phase and phase-toground with the circuit breaker closed, and across each open pole. Test voltage shall be in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. In the absence of manufacturer’s published data, use Table 100.1. Perform insulation-resistance tests on all control wiring with respect to ground. Applied potential shall be 500 volts dc for 300-volt rated cable and 1000 volts dc for 600-volt rated cable. Test duration shall be one minute. For units with solid-state components, follow manufacturer’s recommendation. Perform dynamic contact/pole resistance test. Perform minimum pickup voltage tests on trip and close coils in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. Verify correct operation of any auxiliary features such as electrical close and trip operation, trip-free, and antipump function. Trip circuit breaker by operation of each protective device. Reset all trip logs and indicators. Perform power-factor or dissipation-factor tests on each pole with the breaker open and each phase with the breaker closed. Perform power-factor or dissipation-factor tests on each bushing equipped with a powerfactor/ capacitance tap. In the absence of a power-factor/ capacitance tap, perform hot-collar tests. These tests shall be in accordance with the test equipment manufacturer’s published data. Perform magnetron atmospheric condition (MAC) test on each vacuum interrupter. Perform vacuum bottle integrity (dielectric withstand voltage) test across each vacuum bottle with the breaker in the open position in strict accordance with manufacturer’s published data. Perform a dielectric withstand voltage test in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. Verify operation of heaters. Test instrument transformers in accordance with Section 7.10. C. Test Values – Visual and Mechanical Critical distance measurements such as contact gap shall be in accordance with the manufacturer’s published data. (7.6.3.A.7) Compare bolted connection resistance values to values of similar connections. Investigate values which deviate from those of similar bolted connections by more than 50 percent of the lowest value. (7.6.3.A.8.1) Bolt-torque levels shall be in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. In the absence of manufacturer’s published data, use Table 100.12. (7.6.3.A.8.2) Results of the thermographic survey shall be in accordance with Section 9. (7.6.3.A.8.3) Contact timing values shall be in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. (7.6.3.A.12) Trip/close coil current values shall be in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. (7.6.3.A.13) Travel and velocity values shall be in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. (7.6.3.A.14) Operation counter shall advance one digit per close-open cycle. (7.6.3.A.15) D. Test Values – Electrical < Compare bolted connection resistance values to values of similar connections. Investigate values which deviate from those of similar bolted connections by more than 50 percent of the lowest value. Insulation-resistance values of circuit breakers shall be in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. In the absence of manufacturer’s published data, use Table 100.1. Values of insulation resistance less than this table or manufacturer’s recommendations should be investigated. Insulation-resistance values of control wiring shall not be less than two megohms. Microhm or dc millivolt drop values shall not exceed the high levels of the normal range as indicated in the manufacturer’s published data. In the absence of manufacturer’s published data, investigate values that deviate from adjacent poles or similar breakers by more than 50 percent of the lowest value. Dynamic contact resistance values shall be in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. Minimum pickup voltage of the trip and close coils shall conform to the manufacturer’s published data. In the absence of the manufacturer’s published data, refer to Table 100.20. Auxiliary features shall operate in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. Protective devices shall operate the breaker per system design. Power-factor or dissipation-factor values shall be compared to manufacturer’s published data. In the absence of manufacturer’s published data the comparison shall be made to similar breakers. Power-factor or dissipation-factor and capacitance values shall be within ten percent of nameplate rating for bushings. Hot collar tests are evaluated on a milliampere/milliwatt loss basis, and the results should be compared to values of similar bushings. Evaluate each vacuum interrupter in accordance with test equipment manufacturer’s instructions. If no evidence of distress or insulation failure is observed by the end of the total time of voltage application during the dielectric withstand test, the test specimen is considered to have passed the test. Heaters shall be operational. Results of instrument transformer tests shall be in accordance with Section 7.10. NETA ATS 7.6.2 Circuit Breakers, Oil, Medium- and High-Voltage A. Visual and Mechanical Inspection: Compare equipment nameplate data with drawings and specifications. Inspect physical and mechanical condition. Inspect anchorage, alignment, grounding, and required clearances. Verify that all maintenance devices such as special tools and gauges specified by the manufacturer are available for servicing and operating the breaker. Verify correct oil level in all tanks and bushings. Verify that breather vents are clear. Verify the unit is clean. Inspect hydraulic system and air compressor in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. Test alarms and pressure-limit switches for pneumatic and hydraulic operators as recommended by the manufacturer. Perform mechanical operation tests on the operating mechanism in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. While performing internal inspection: Remove oil. Lower tanks or remove manhole covers as necessary. Inspect bottom of tank for broken parts and debris. Inspect lift rod and toggle assemblies, contacts, interrupters, bumpers, dashpots, bushing current transformers, tank liners, and gaskets. Verify that contact sequence is in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. In the absence of manufacturer’s published data, refer to ANSI/IEEE C37.04. Fill tank(s) with filtered oil. Inspect bolted electrical connections for high resistance using one or more of the following methods: Use of low-resistance ohmmeter in accordance with Section 7.6.2.B.1. Verify tightness of accessible bolted electrical connections by calibrated torquewrench method in accordance with manufacturer’s published data or Table 100.12. Perform thermographic survey in accordance with Section 9. Verify cell fit and element alignment, if applicable. Verify racking mechanism operation, if applicable. Perform contact-timing test. Perform mechanism-motion analysis. Perform trip/close coil current signature analysis. Verify appropriate lubrication on moving current-carrying parts and on moving and sliding surfaces. Record as-found and as-left operation counter readings. B. Electrical Tests: Perform resistance measurements through bolted connections with a low-resistance ohmmeter, if applicable, in accordance with Section 7.6.2.A.12.1 Perform insulation-resistance tests for one minute on each pole, phase-to-phase and phase-toground with circuit-breaker closed, and across each open pole. Test voltage shall be in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. In the absence of manufacturer’s published data, use Table 100.1. Perform a static contact/pole resistance test. Perform a dynamic contact/pole resistance test. Perform insulation-resistance tests on all control wiring with respect to ground. Applied potential shall be 500 volts dc for 300-volt rated cable and 1000 volts dc for 600-volt rated cable. Test duration shall be one minute. For units with solid-state components, follow manufacturer’s recommendation. Remove a sample of insulating liquid in accordance with ASTM D 923. Sample shall be tested in accordance with the referenced standard. Dielectric breakdown voltage: ASTM D 877 Color: ANSI/ASTM D 1500 Power factor: ASTM D 924 Interfacial tension: ASTM D 971 Visual condition: ASTM D 1524 Neutralization number (acidity): ASTM D974 Water content: ASTM D1533 Perform minimum pickup voltage tests on trip and close coils in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. Verify correct operation of any auxiliary features such as electrical close and trip operation, trip-free, antipump function. Trip circuit breaker by operation of each protective device. Reset all trip logs and indicators. Perform power-factor or dissipation-factor tests on each pole with breaker open and each phase with breaker closed. Determine tank loss index. Perform power-factor or dissipation-factor tests on each bushing equipped with a powerfactor/ capacitance tap. In the absence of a power-factor/ capacitance tap, perform hot-collar tests. These tests shall be in accordance with the test equipment manufacturer’s published data. Perform a dielectric withstand voltage test in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. Verify operation of heaters. Test instrument transformers in accordance with Section 7.10. C. Test Values – Visual and Mechanical Settings for alarm, pressure, and limit switches shall be in accordance with owner’s specifications. In the absence of owner’s specifications use manufacturer’s published data. (7.6.2.A.9) Compare bolted connection resistance values to values of similar connections. Investigate values which deviate from those of similar bolted connections by more than 50 percent of the lowest value. (7.6.2.A.12.1) Bolt-torque levels shall be in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. In the absence of manufacturer’s published data, use Table 100.12. (7.6.2.A.12.2) Results of the thermographic survey shall be in accordance with Section 9. (7.6.2.A.12.3) Contact timing values shall be in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. (7.6.2.A.15). Travel and velocity values shall be in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. (7.6.2.A.16) Trip/close coil current values shall be in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. (7.6.2.A.17). Operations counter shall advance one digit per close-open cycle. (7.6.2.A.19) D. Test Values – Electrical Compare bolted connection resistance values to values of similar connections. Investigate values which deviate from those of similar bolted connections by more than 50 percent of the lowest value. Insulation-resistance values of circuit breakers shall be in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. In the absence of manufacturer’s published data, use Table 100.1. Values of insulation resistance less than this table or manufacturer’s recommendations should be investigated. Microhm or dc millivolt drop values shall not exceed the high levels of the normal range as indicated in the manufacturer’s published data. If manufacturer’s published data is not available, investigate values that deviate from adjacent poles or similar breakers by more than 50 percent of the lowest value. Dynamic contact resistance values shall be in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. Insulation-resistance values of control wiring shall not be less than two megohms. Insulating liquid test results shall be in accordance with Table 100.4. Minimum pickup voltage of the trip and close coils shall conform to the manufacturer’s published data. In the absence of the manufacturer’s published data, refer to Table 100.20. Auxiliary features shall operate in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. Protective devices shall operate the breaker per system design. Power-factor or dissipation-factor values and tank loss index shall be compared to manufacturer’s published data. In the absence of manufacturer’s published data, the comparison shall be made to test data from similar breakers or data from test equipment manufacturers. Power-factor or dissipation-factor and capacitance values shall be within ten percent of nameplate rating for bushings. Hot collar tests are evaluated on a milliampere/milliwatt loss basis, and the results should be compared to values of similar bushings. If no evidence of distress or insulation failure is observed by the end of the total time of voltage application during the dielectric withstand test, the test specimen is considered to have passed the test. Heaters shall be operational. Results of electrical tests on instrument transformers shall be in accordance with Section 7.10. NETA ATS 7.6.4 Circuit Breakers, SF6 A. Visual and Mechanical Inspection: Compare equipment nameplate data with drawings and specifications. Inspect physical and mechanical condition. Inspect anchorage, alignment, and grounding. Verify that all maintenance devices such as special tools and gauges specified by the manufacturer are available for servicing and operating the breaker. Verify the unit is clean. When provisions are made for sampling, remove a sample of SF6 gas and test in accordance with Table 100.13. Do not break seal or distort “sealed-for-life” interrupters. Inspect operating mechanism and/or hydraulic or pneumatic system and SF6 gas-insulated system in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. Test for SF6 gas leaks in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. Verify correct operation of alarms and pressure-limit switches for pneumatic, hydraulic, and SF6 gas pressure in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. If recommended by manufacturer, slow close/open breaker and check for binding, friction, contact alignment, and penetration. Verify that contact sequence is in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. In the absence of manufacturer’s published data, refer to ANSI/IEEE C37.04. Perform all mechanical operation tests on the operating mechanism in accordance with the manufacturer’s published data. Inspect all bolted electrical connections for high resistance using one or more of the following methods: Use of a low-resistance ohmmeter in accordance with Section 7.6.4.B.1. Verify tightness of accessible bolted electrical connections by calibrated torquewrench method in accordance with manufacturer’s published data or Table 100.12. Perform a thermographic survey in accordance with Section 9. Verify the appropriate lubrication on moving current-carrying parts and on moving and sliding surfaces. Perform contact-timing test. Perform trip/close coil signature analysis. Perform mechanism motion analysis. Record as-found and as-left operation counter readings. B. Electrical Tests: Perform resistance measurements through all bolted connections with a low-resistance ohmmeter, if applicable, in accordance with Section 7.6.4.A.12.1. Perform insulation-resistance tests in accordance with Table 100.1 from each pole-to-ground with breaker closed and across open poles at each phase. For single-tank breakers, perform insulation resistance tests in accordance with Table 100.1 from pole-to-pole. Perform a contact/pole-resistance test. Perform insulation-resistance tests on all control wiring with respect to ground. Applied potential shall be 500 volts dc for 300-volt rated cable and 1000 volts dc for 600-volt rated cable. Test duration shall be one minute. For units with solid-state components or for control devices that cannot tolerate the voltage, follow manufacturer’s recommendation. Perform minimum pickup voltage tests on trip and close coils in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. Verify correct operation of any auxiliary features such as electrical close and trip operation, trip-free, and antipump function. Reset all trip logs and indicators. Trip circuit breaker by operation of each protective device. Perform power-factor or dissipation-factor tests on each pole with the breaker open and on each phase with the breaker closed. Perform power-factor or dissipation-factor tests on each bushing equipped with a powerfactor/ capacitance tap. In the absence of a power-factor/ capacitance tap, perform hot-collar tests. These tests shall be in accordance with the test equipment manufacturer’s published data. Perform a dielectric withstand voltage test in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. Verify operation of heaters. Test instrument transformers in accordance with Section 7.10. C. Test Values – Visual and Mechanical SF6 gas shall have values in accordance with Table 100.13. (7.6.4.A.6) Results of the SF6 gas leak test shall confirm that no SF6 gas leak exists. (7.6.4.A.8) Settings for alarm, pressure, and limit switches shall be in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. (7.6.4.A.9) Compare bolted connection resistance values to values of similar connections. Investigate values which deviate from those of similar bolted connections by more than 50 percent of the lowest value. (7.6.4.A.12.1) Bolt-torque levels shall be in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. In the absence of manufacturer’s published data, use Table 100.12. (7.6.4.A.12.2) Results of the thermographic survey shall be in accordance with Section 9. (7.6.4.A.12.3) Contact timing values shall be in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. (7.6.4.A.14) Trip/close coil current values shall be in accordance with manufacturer’s published data (7.6.4.A.15) Travel and velocity values shall be in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. (7.6.4.A.16) Operations counter shall advance one digit per close-open cycle. (7.6.4.A.17) D. Test Values – Electrical Compare bolted connection resistance values to values of similar connections. Investigate values which deviate from those of similar bolted connections by more than 50 percent of the lowest value. Insulation-resistance values of circuit breakers shall be in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. In the absence of manufacturer’s published data, use Table 100.1. Values of insulation resistance less than this table or manufacturer’s recommendations should be investigated. Microhm or dc millivolt drop values shall not exceed the high levels of the normal range as indicated in the manufacturer’s published data. In the absence of manufacturer’s published data, investigate values that deviate from adjacent poles or similar breakers by more than 50 percent of the lowest value. Insulation-resistance values of control wiring shall not be less than two megohms. Minimum pickup voltage of the trip and close coils shall conform to the manufacturer’s published data. In the absence of the manufacturer’s published data, refer to Table 100.20. Auxiliary features shall operate in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. Protective devices shall operate the breaker per the system design. Power-factor or dissipation-factor values shall be compared to manufacturer’s published data. In the absence of manufacturer’s published data, the comparison shall be made to test data from similar breakers or data from test equipment manufacturers. Power-factor or dissipation-factor and capacitance test values shall be within ten percent of nameplate rating for bushings. Hot collar tests are evaluated on a milliampere/milliwatt loss basis, and the results shall be compared to values of similar bushings. If no evidence of distress or insulation failure is observed by the end of the total time of voltage application during the dielectric withstand test, the test specimen is considered to have passed the test. Heaters shall be operational. Results of electrical tests on instrument transformers shall be in accordance with Section 7.10. NETA ATS / MTS TABLE 100.1 NETA ATS / MTS TABLE 100.7 NETA ATS / MTS TABLE 100.8 NETA ATS / MTS TABLE 100.12 NETA ATS / MTS TABLE 100.20

NETA Test Procedure

NETA ATS

Circuit Breakers

NETA MTS

TABLES

NETA ATS /MTS

NETA Table 100.1
NETA Table 100.7

NETA ATS

7.6.1.3 Circuit Breakers, Air, Medium-Voltage

A. Visual and Mechanical Inspection:

Compare equipment nameplate data with drawings and specifications
Inspect physical and mechanical condition.
Inspect anchorage, alignment, and grounding.
Verify that all maintenance devices are available for servicing and operating the breaker.
Verify the unit is clean.
Verify the arc chutes are intact.
Inspect moving and stationary contacts for condition and alignment.
If recommended by manufacturer, slow close/open breaker and check for binding, friction, contact alignment, and penetration. Verify that contact sequence is in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. In the absence of manufacturer’s published data, refer to ANSI/IEEE C37.04.
Perform all mechanical operation tests on the operating mechanism in accordance with manufacturer’s published data.
Inspect bolted electrical connections for high resistance using one or more of the following methods:

Use of a low-resistance ohmmeter in accordance with Section 7.6.1.3.B.1.
Verify tightness of accessible bolted electrical connections by calibrated torquewrench method in accordance with manufacturer’s published data or Table 100.12.
Perform a thermographic survey in accordance with Section 9.

verify cell fit and element alignment.
Verify racking mechanism operation.
Inspect puffer operation.
Verify appropriate lubrication on moving current-carrying parts and on moving and sliding surfaces.
Perform contact-timing test.
*Perform mechanism-motion analysis.
*Perform trip/close coil current signature analysis.
Record as-found and as-left operation-counter readings.

B. Electrical Tests:

Perform resistance measurements through bolted connections with a low-resistance ohmmeter, if applicable. See Section 7.6.1.3.A.10.1.
Perform insulation-resistance tests for one minute on each pole, phase-to-phase and phase-toground with circuit breaker closed, and across each open pole. Apply voltage in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. In the absence of manufacturer’s published data, use Table 100.1.
Perform a contact/pole-resistance test.
*Perform insulation-resistance tests on all control wiring with respect to ground. Applied potential shall be 500 volts dc for 300-volt rated cable and 1000 volts dc for 600-volt rated cable. Test duration shall be one minute. For units with solid-state components or control devices that can not tolerate the applied voltage, follow manufacturer’s recommendation.
With breaker in the test position, make the following tests:

Trip and close breaker with the control switch.
Trip breaker by operating each of its protective relays.
Verify mechanism charge, trip-free, and antipump functions.

Perform minimum pickup voltage tests on trip and close coils in accordance with manufacturer’s published data.
*Perform power-factor or dissipation-factor tests with breaker in both the open and closed positions.
*Perform power-factor or dissipation-factor tests on each bushing equipped with a powerfactor/ capacitance tap. In the absence of a power-factor/ capacitance tap, perform hot-collar tests. These tests shall be in accordance with the test equipment manufacturer’s published data.
Perform a dielectric withstand voltage test on each phase with the circuit breaker closed and the poles not under test grounded. Apply voltage in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. In the absence of manufacturer’s published data, use Table 100.19.
Measure blowout coil circuit resistance.
Verify operation of heaters.
Test instrument transformers in accordance with Section 7.10.

C. Test Values – Visual and Mechanical

Mechanical operation and contact alignment shall be in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. (7.6.1.3.A.9)
Compare bolted connection resistance values to values of similar connections. Investigate values which deviate from those of similar bolted connections by more than 50 percent of the lowest value. (7.6.1.3.A.10.1)
Bolt-torque levels shall be in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. In the absence of manufacturer’s published data, use Table 100.12. (7.6.1.3.A.10.2)
Results of the thermographic survey shall be in accordance with Section 9. (7.6.1.3.A.10.3)
Contact timing values shall be in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. (7.6.1.3.A.15).
Travel and velocity values shall be in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. (7.6.1.3.A.16)
Trip/close coil current values shall be in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. (7.6.1.3.A.17).
Operations counter shall advance one digit per close-open cycle. (7.6.1.3.A.18)

D. Test Values – Electrical

Compare bolted connection resistance values to values of similar connections. Investigate values which deviate from those of similar bolted connections by more than 50 percent of the lowest value.
Insulation-resistance values of circuit breakers shall be in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. In the absence of manufacturer’s published data, use Table 100.1. Values of insulation resistance less than this table or manufacturer’s recommendations should be investigated.
Microhm or dc millivolt drop values shall not exceed the high levels of the normal range as indicated in the manufacturer’s published data. In the absence of manufacturer’s published data, investigate values that deviate from adjacent poles or similar breakers by more than 50 percent of the lowest value.
Insulation-resistance values of control wiring shall not be less than two megohms.
Breaker mechanism charge, close, open, trip, trip-free, and antipump features shall function as designed.
Minimum pickup voltage of the trip and close coils shall conform to the manufacturer’s published data. In the absence of the manufacturer’s published data, refer to Table 100.20.
Power-factor or dissipation-factor values shall be compared with previous test results of similar breakers or manufacturer’s published data.
Power-factor or dissipation-factor and capacitance values shall be within ten percent of nameplate rating for bushings. Hot collar tests are evaluated on a milliampere/milliwatt loss basis, and the results shall be compared to values of similar bushings.
If no evidence of distress or insulation failure is observed by the end of the total time of voltage application during the dielectric withstand test, the circuit breaker is considered to have passed the test.
The blowout coil circuit shall exhibit continuity.
Heaters shall be operational.
The results of instrument transformer tests shall be in accordance with Section 7.10.

NETA ATS

7.6.3 Circuit Breakers, Vacuum, Medium-Voltage

A. Visual and Mechanical Inspection:

Compare equipment nameplate data with drawings and specifications.
Inspect physical and mechanical condition.
Inspect anchorage, alignment, and grounding.
Verify that all maintenance devices such as special tools and gauges specified by the manufacturer are available for servicing and operating the breaker.
Verify the unit is clean.
Perform all mechanical operation tests on the operating mechanism in accordance with manufacturer’s published data.
Measure critical distances such as contact gap as recommended by manufacturer.
Inspect bolted electrical connections for high resistance using one or more of the following methods:

Use of low-resistance ohmmeter in accordance with Section 7.6.3.B.1.
Verify tightness of accessible bolted electrical connections by calibrated torquewrench method in accordance with manufacturer’s published data or Table 100.12.
Perform thermographic survey in accordance with Section 9.

Verify cell fit and element alignment.
Verify racking mechanism operation.
Verify appropriate lubrication on moving, current-carrying parts and on moving and sliding surfaces.
Perform contact-timing test.
*Perform trip/close coil current signature analysis.
*Perform mechanism motion analysis.
Record as-found and as-left operation counter readings.

B. Electrical Tests:

Perform resistance measurements through bolted connections with a low-resistance ohmmeter, if applicable, in accordance with Section 7.6.3.A.8.1.
Perform insulation-resistance tests for one minute on each pole, phase-to-phase and phase-toground with the circuit breaker closed, and across each open pole. Test voltage shall be in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. In the absence of manufacturer’s published data, use Table 100.1.
*Perform insulation-resistance tests on all control wiring with respect to ground. Applied potential shall be 500 volts dc for 300-volt rated cable and 1000 volts dc for 600-volt rated cable. Test duration shall be one minute. For units with solid-state components, follow manufacturer’s recommendation.
*Perform dynamic contact/pole resistance test.
Perform minimum pickup voltage tests on trip and close coils in accordance with manufacturer’s published data.
Verify correct operation of any auxiliary features such as electrical close and trip operation, trip-free, and antipump function.
Trip circuit breaker by operation of each protective device. Reset all trip logs and indicators.
*Perform power-factor or dissipation-factor tests on each pole with the breaker open and each phase with the breaker closed.
*Perform power-factor or dissipation-factor tests on each bushing equipped with a powerfactor/ capacitance tap. In the absence of a power-factor/ capacitance tap, perform hot-collar tests. These tests shall be in accordance with the test equipment manufacturer’s published data.
*Perform magnetron atmospheric condition (MAC) test on each vacuum interrupter.
Perform vacuum bottle integrity (dielectric withstand voltage) test across each vacuum bottle with the breaker in the open position in strict accordance with manufacturer’s published data.
Perform a dielectric withstand voltage test in accordance with manufacturer’s published data.
Verify operation of heaters.
Test instrument transformers in accordance with Section 7.10.

C. Test Values – Visual and Mechanical

Critical distance measurements such as contact gap shall be in accordance with the manufacturer’s published data. (7.6.3.A.7)
Compare bolted connection resistance values to values of similar connections. Investigate values which deviate from those of similar bolted connections by more than 50 percent of the lowest value. (7.6.3.A.8.1)
Bolt-torque levels shall be in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. In the absence of manufacturer’s published data, use Table 100.12. (7.6.3.A.8.2)
Results of the thermographic survey shall be in accordance with Section 9. (7.6.3.A.8.3)
Contact timing values shall be in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. (7.6.3.A.12)
Trip/close coil current values shall be in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. (7.6.3.A.13)
Travel and velocity values shall be in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. (7.6.3.A.14)
Operation counter shall advance one digit per close-open cycle. (7.6.3.A.15)

D. Test Values – Electrical

Compare bolted connection resistance values to values of similar connections. Investigate values which deviate from those of similar bolted connections by more than 50 percent of the lowest value.
Insulation-resistance values of circuit breakers shall be in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. In the absence of manufacturer’s published data, use Table 100.1. Values of insulation resistance less than this table or manufacturer’s recommendations should be investigated.
Insulation-resistance values of control wiring shall not be less than two megohms.
Microhm or dc millivolt drop values shall not exceed the high levels of the normal range as indicated in the manufacturer’s published data. In the absence of manufacturer’s published data, investigate values that deviate from adjacent poles or similar breakers by more than 50 percent of the lowest value.
Dynamic contact resistance values shall be in accordance with manufacturer’s published data.
Minimum pickup voltage of the trip and close coils shall conform to the manufacturer’s published data. In the absence of the manufacturer’s published data, refer to Table 100.20.
Auxiliary features shall operate in accordance with manufacturer’s published data.
Protective devices shall operate the breaker per system design.
Power-factor or dissipation-factor values shall be compared to manufacturer’s published data. In the absence of manufacturer’s published data the comparison shall be made to similar breakers.
Power-factor or dissipation-factor and capacitance values shall be within ten percent of nameplate rating for bushings. Hot collar tests are evaluated on a milliampere/milliwatt loss basis, and the results should be compared to values of similar bushings.
Evaluate each vacuum interrupter in accordance with test equipment manufacturer’s instructions.
If no evidence of distress or insulation failure is observed by the end of the total time of voltage application during the dielectric withstand test, the test specimen is considered to have passed the test.
Heaters shall be operational.
Results of instrument transformer tests shall be in accordance with Section 7.10.

NETA ATS

7.6.2 Circuit Breakers, Oil, Medium- and High-Voltage

A. Visual and Mechanical Inspection:

Compare equipment nameplate data with drawings and specifications.
Inspect physical and mechanical condition.
Inspect anchorage, alignment, grounding, and required clearances.
Verify that all maintenance devices such as special tools and gauges specified by the manufacturer are available for servicing and operating the breaker.
Verify correct oil level in all tanks and bushings.
Verify that breather vents are clear.
Verify the unit is clean.
Inspect hydraulic system and air compressor in accordance with manufacturer’s published data.
Test alarms and pressure-limit switches for pneumatic and hydraulic operators as recommended by the manufacturer.
Perform mechanical operation tests on the operating mechanism in accordance with manufacturer’s published data.
While performing internal inspection:

Remove oil. Lower tanks or remove manhole covers as necessary. Inspect bottom of tank for broken parts and debris.
Inspect lift rod and toggle assemblies, contacts, interrupters, bumpers, dashpots, bushing current transformers, tank liners, and gaskets.
Verify that contact sequence is in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. In the absence of manufacturer’s published data, refer to ANSI/IEEE C37.04.
Fill tank(s) with filtered oil.

Inspect bolted electrical connections for high resistance using one or more of the following methods:

Use of low-resistance ohmmeter in accordance with Section 7.6.2.B.1.
Verify tightness of accessible bolted electrical connections by calibrated torquewrench method in accordance with manufacturer’s published data or Table 100.12.
Perform thermographic survey in accordance with Section 9.

Verify cell fit and element alignment, if applicable.
Verify racking mechanism operation, if applicable.
Perform contact-timing test.
Perform mechanism-motion analysis.
*Perform trip/close coil current signature analysis.
Verify appropriate lubrication on moving current-carrying parts and on moving and sliding surfaces.
Record as-found and as-left operation counter readings.

B. Electrical Tests:

Perform resistance measurements through bolted connections with a low-resistance ohmmeter, if applicable, in accordance with Section 7.6.2.A.12.1
Perform insulation-resistance tests for one minute on each pole, phase-to-phase and phase-toground with circuit-breaker closed, and across each open pole. Test voltage shall be in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. In the absence of manufacturer’s published data, use Table 100.1.
Perform a static contact/pole resistance test.
*Perform a dynamic contact/pole resistance test.
*Perform insulation-resistance tests on all control wiring with respect to ground. Applied potential shall be 500 volts dc for 300-volt rated cable and 1000 volts dc for 600-volt rated cable. Test duration shall be one minute. For units with solid-state components, follow manufacturer’s recommendation.
Remove a sample of insulating liquid in accordance with ASTM D 923. Sample shall be tested in accordance with the referenced standard.

Dielectric breakdown voltage: ASTM D 877
Color: ANSI/ASTM D 1500
Power factor: ASTM D 924
Interfacial tension: ASTM D 971
Visual condition: ASTM D 1524
Neutralization number (acidity): ASTM D974
Water content: ASTM D1533

Perform minimum pickup voltage tests on trip and close coils in accordance with manufacturer’s published data.
Verify correct operation of any auxiliary features such as electrical close and trip operation, trip-free, antipump function.
Trip circuit breaker by operation of each protective device. Reset all trip logs and indicators.
Perform power-factor or dissipation-factor tests on each pole with breaker open and each phase with breaker closed. Determine tank loss index.
Perform power-factor or dissipation-factor tests on each bushing equipped with a powerfactor/ capacitance tap. In the absence of a power-factor/ capacitance tap, perform hot-collar tests. These tests shall be in accordance with the test equipment manufacturer’s published data.
*Perform a dielectric withstand voltage test in accordance with manufacturer’s published data.
Verify operation of heaters.
Test instrument transformers in accordance with Section 7.10.

C. Test Values – Visual and Mechanical

Settings for alarm, pressure, and limit switches shall be in accordance with owner’s specifications. In the absence of owner’s specifications use manufacturer’s published data. (7.6.2.A.9)
Compare bolted connection resistance values to values of similar connections. Investigate values which deviate from those of similar bolted connections by more than 50 percent of the lowest value. (7.6.2.A.12.1)
Bolt-torque levels shall be in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. In the absence of manufacturer’s published data, use Table 100.12. (7.6.2.A.12.2)
Results of the thermographic survey shall be in accordance with Section 9. (7.6.2.A.12.3)
Contact timing values shall be in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. (7.6.2.A.15).
Travel and velocity values shall be in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. (7.6.2.A.16)
Trip/close coil current values shall be in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. (7.6.2.A.17).
Operations counter shall advance one digit per close-open cycle. (7.6.2.A.19)

D. Test Values – Electrical

Compare bolted connection resistance values to values of similar connections. Investigate values which deviate from those of similar bolted connections by more than 50 percent of the lowest value.
Insulation-resistance values of circuit breakers shall be in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. In the absence of manufacturer’s published data, use Table 100.1. Values of insulation resistance less than this table or manufacturer’s recommendations should be investigated.
Microhm or dc millivolt drop values shall not exceed the high levels of the normal range as indicated in the manufacturer’s published data. If manufacturer’s published data is not available, investigate values that deviate from adjacent poles or similar breakers by more than 50 percent of the lowest value.
Dynamic contact resistance values shall be in accordance with manufacturer’s published data.
Insulation-resistance values of control wiring shall not be less than two megohms.
Insulating liquid test results shall be in accordance with Table 100.4.
Minimum pickup voltage of the trip and close coils shall conform to the manufacturer’s published data. In the absence of the manufacturer’s published data, refer to Table 100.20.
Auxiliary features shall operate in accordance with manufacturer’s published data.
Protective devices shall operate the breaker per system design.
Power-factor or dissipation-factor values and tank loss index shall be compared to manufacturer’s published data. In the absence of manufacturer’s published data, the comparison shall be made to test data from similar breakers or data from test equipment manufacturers.
Power-factor or dissipation-factor and capacitance values shall be within ten percent of nameplate rating for bushings. Hot collar tests are evaluated on a milliampere/milliwatt loss basis, and the results should be compared to values of similar bushings.
If no evidence of distress or insulation failure is observed by the end of the total time of voltage application during the dielectric withstand test, the test specimen is considered to have passed the test.
Heaters shall be operational.
Results of electrical tests on instrument transformers shall be in accordance with Section 7.10.

NETA ATS

7.6.4 Circuit Breakers, SF6

A. Visual and Mechanical Inspection:

Compare equipment nameplate data with drawings and specifications.
Inspect physical and mechanical condition.
Inspect anchorage, alignment, and grounding.
Verify that all maintenance devices such as special tools and gauges specified by the manufacturer are available for servicing and operating the breaker.
Verify the unit is clean.
When provisions are made for sampling, remove a sample of SF6 gas and test in accordance with Table 100.13. Do not break seal or distort “sealed-for-life” interrupters.
Inspect operating mechanism and/or hydraulic or pneumatic system and SF6 gas-insulated system in accordance with manufacturer’s published data.
Test for SF6 gas leaks in accordance with manufacturer’s published data.
Verify correct operation of alarms and pressure-limit switches for pneumatic, hydraulic, and SF6 gas pressure in accordance with manufacturer’s published data.
If recommended by manufacturer, slow close/open breaker and check for binding, friction, contact alignment, and penetration. Verify that contact sequence is in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. In the absence of manufacturer’s published data, refer to ANSI/IEEE C37.04.
Perform all mechanical operation tests on the operating mechanism in accordance with the manufacturer’s published data.
Inspect all bolted electrical connections for high resistance using one or more of the following methods:

Use of a low-resistance ohmmeter in accordance with Section 7.6.4.B.1.
Verify tightness of accessible bolted electrical connections by calibrated torquewrench method in accordance with manufacturer’s published data or Table 100.12.
Perform a thermographic survey in accordance with Section 9.

Verify the appropriate lubrication on moving current-carrying parts and on moving and sliding surfaces.
Perform contact-timing test.
*Perform trip/close coil signature analysis.
Perform mechanism motion analysis.
Record as-found and as-left operation counter readings.

B. Electrical Tests:

Perform resistance measurements through all bolted connections with a low-resistance ohmmeter, if applicable, in accordance with Section 7.6.4.A.12.1.
Perform insulation-resistance tests in accordance with Table 100.1 from each pole-to-ground with breaker closed and across open poles at each phase. For single-tank breakers, perform insulation resistance tests in accordance with Table 100.1 from pole-to-pole.
Perform a contact/pole-resistance test.
*Perform insulation-resistance tests on all control wiring with respect to ground. Applied potential shall be 500 volts dc for 300-volt rated cable and 1000 volts dc for 600-volt rated cable. Test duration shall be one minute. For units with solid-state components or for control devices that cannot tolerate the voltage, follow manufacturer’s recommendation.
Perform minimum pickup voltage tests on trip and close coils in accordance with manufacturer’s published data.
Verify correct operation of any auxiliary features such as electrical close and trip operation, trip-free, and antipump function. Reset all trip logs and indicators.
Trip circuit breaker by operation of each protective device.
Perform power-factor or dissipation-factor tests on each pole with the breaker open and on each phase with the breaker closed.
Perform power-factor or dissipation-factor tests on each bushing equipped with a powerfactor/ capacitance tap. In the absence of a power-factor/ capacitance tap, perform hot-collar tests. These tests shall be in accordance with the test equipment manufacturer’s published data.
*Perform a dielectric withstand voltage test in accordance with manufacturer’s published data.
Verify operation of heaters.
Test instrument transformers in accordance with Section 7.10.

C. Test Values – Visual and Mechanical

SF6 gas shall have values in accordance with Table 100.13. (7.6.4.A.6)
Results of the SF6 gas leak test shall confirm that no SF6 gas leak exists. (7.6.4.A.8)
Settings for alarm, pressure, and limit switches shall be in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. (7.6.4.A.9)
Compare bolted connection resistance values to values of similar connections. Investigate values which deviate from those of similar bolted connections by more than 50 percent of the lowest value. (7.6.4.A.12.1)
Bolt-torque levels shall be in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. In the absence of manufacturer’s published data, use Table 100.12. (7.6.4.A.12.2)
Results of the thermographic survey shall be in accordance with Section 9. (7.6.4.A.12.3)
Contact timing values shall be in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. (7.6.4.A.14)
Trip/close coil current values shall be in accordance with manufacturer’s published data (7.6.4.A.15)
Travel and velocity values shall be in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. (7.6.4.A.16)
Operations counter shall advance one digit per close-open cycle. (7.6.4.A.17)

D. Test Values – Electrical

Compare bolted connection resistance values to values of similar connections. Investigate values which deviate from those of similar bolted connections by more than 50 percent of the lowest value.
Insulation-resistance values of circuit breakers shall be in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. In the absence of manufacturer’s published data, use Table 100.1. Values of insulation resistance less than this table or manufacturer’s recommendations should be investigated.
Microhm or dc millivolt drop values shall not exceed the high levels of the normal range as indicated in the manufacturer’s published data. In the absence of manufacturer’s published data, investigate values that deviate from adjacent poles or similar breakers by more than 50 percent of the lowest value.
Insulation-resistance values of control wiring shall not be less than two megohms.
Minimum pickup voltage of the trip and close coils shall conform to the manufacturer’s published data. In the absence of the manufacturer’s published data, refer to Table 100.20.
Auxiliary features shall operate in accordance with manufacturer’s published data.
Protective devices shall operate the breaker per the system design.
Power-factor or dissipation-factor values shall be compared to manufacturer’s published data. In the absence of manufacturer’s published data, the comparison shall be made to test data from similar breakers or data from test equipment manufacturers.
Power-factor or dissipation-factor and capacitance test values shall be within ten percent of nameplate rating for bushings. Hot collar tests are evaluated on a milliampere/milliwatt loss basis, and the results shall be compared to values of similar bushings.
If no evidence of distress or insulation failure is observed by the end of the total time of voltage application during the dielectric withstand test, the test specimen is considered to have passed the test.
Heaters shall be operational.
Results of electrical tests on instrument transformers shall be in accordance with Section 7.10.

NETA ATS

7.6.1.3 Circuit Breakers, Air, Medium-Voltage

A. Visual and Mechanical Inspection:

Compare equipment nameplate data with drawings and specifications
Inspect physical and mechanical condition.
Inspect anchorage, alignment, and grounding.
Verify that all maintenance devices are available for servicing and operating the breaker.
Verify the unit is clean.
Verify the arc chutes are intact.
Inspect moving and stationary contacts for condition and alignment.
If recommended by manufacturer, slow close/open breaker and check for binding, friction, contact alignment, and penetration. Verify that contact sequence is in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. In the absence of manufacturer’s published data, refer to ANSI/IEEE C37.04.
Perform all mechanical operation tests on the operating mechanism in accordance with manufacturer’s published data.
Inspect bolted electrical connections for high resistance using one or more of the following methods:

Use of a low-resistance ohmmeter in accordance with Section 7.6.1.3.B.1.
Verify tightness of accessible bolted electrical connections by calibrated torquewrench method in accordance with manufacturer’s published data or Table 100.12.
Perform a thermographic survey in accordance with Section 9.

verify cell fit and element alignment.
Verify racking mechanism operation.
Inspect puffer operation.
Verify appropriate lubrication on moving current-carrying parts and on moving and sliding surfaces.
Perform contact-timing test.
*Perform mechanism-motion analysis.
*Perform trip/close coil current signature analysis.
Record as-found and as-left operation-counter readings.

B. Electrical Tests:

Perform resistance measurements through bolted connections with a low-resistance ohmmeter, if applicable. See Section 7.6.1.3.A.10.1.
Perform insulation-resistance tests for one minute on each pole, phase-to-phase and phase-toground with circuit breaker closed, and across each open pole. Apply voltage in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. In the absence of manufacturer’s published data, use Table 100.1.
Perform a contact/pole-resistance test.
*Perform insulation-resistance tests on all control wiring with respect to ground. Applied potential shall be 500 volts dc for 300-volt rated cable and 1000 volts dc for 600-volt rated cable. Test duration shall be one minute. For units with solid-state components or control devices that can not tolerate the applied voltage, follow manufacturer’s recommendation.
With breaker in the test position, make the following tests:

Trip and close breaker with the control switch.
Trip breaker by operating each of its protective relays.
Verify mechanism charge, trip-free, and antipump functions.

Perform minimum pickup voltage tests on trip and close coils in accordance with manufacturer’s published data.
*Perform power-factor or dissipation-factor tests with breaker in both the open and closed positions.
*Perform power-factor or dissipation-factor tests on each bushing equipped with a powerfactor/ capacitance tap. In the absence of a power-factor/ capacitance tap, perform hot-collar tests. These tests shall be in accordance with the test equipment manufacturer’s published data.
Perform a dielectric withstand voltage test on each phase with the circuit breaker closed and the poles not under test grounded. Apply voltage in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. In the absence of manufacturer’s published data, use Table 100.19.
Measure blowout coil circuit resistance.
Verify operation of heaters.
Test instrument transformers in accordance with Section 7.10.

C. Test Values – Visual and Mechanical

Mechanical operation and contact alignment shall be in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. (7.6.1.3.A.9)
Compare bolted connection resistance values to values of similar connections. Investigate values which deviate from those of similar bolted connections by more than 50 percent of the lowest value. (7.6.1.3.A.10.1)
Bolt-torque levels shall be in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. In the absence of manufacturer’s published data, use Table 100.12. (7.6.1.3.A.10.2)
Results of the thermographic survey shall be in accordance with Section 9. (7.6.1.3.A.10.3)
Contact timing values shall be in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. (7.6.1.3.A.15).
Travel and velocity values shall be in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. (7.6.1.3.A.16)
Trip/close coil current values shall be in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. (7.6.1.3.A.17).
Operations counter shall advance one digit per close-open cycle. (7.6.1.3.A.18)

D. Test Values – Electrical

Compare bolted connection resistance values to values of similar connections. Investigate values which deviate from those of similar bolted connections by more than 50 percent of the lowest value.
Insulation-resistance values of circuit breakers shall be in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. In the absence of manufacturer’s published data, use Table 100.1. Values of insulation resistance less than this table or manufacturer’s recommendations should be investigated.
Microhm or dc millivolt drop values shall not exceed the high levels of the normal range as indicated in the manufacturer’s published data. In the absence of manufacturer’s published data, investigate values that deviate from adjacent poles or similar breakers by more than 50 percent of the lowest value.
Insulation-resistance values of control wiring shall not be less than two megohms.
Breaker mechanism charge, close, open, trip, trip-free, and antipump features shall function as designed.
Minimum pickup voltage of the trip and close coils shall conform to the manufacturer’s published data. In the absence of the manufacturer’s published data, refer to Table 100.20.
Power-factor or dissipation-factor values shall be compared with previous test results of similar breakers or manufacturer’s published data.
Power-factor or dissipation-factor and capacitance values shall be within ten percent of nameplate rating for bushings. Hot collar tests are evaluated on a milliampere/milliwatt loss basis, and the results shall be compared to values of similar bushings.
If no evidence of distress or insulation failure is observed by the end of the total time of voltage application during the dielectric withstand test, the circuit breaker is considered to have passed the test.
The blowout coil circuit shall exhibit continuity.
Heaters shall be operational.
The results of instrument transformer tests shall be in accordance with Section 7.10.

NETA ATS

7.6.3 Circuit Breakers, Vacuum, Medium-Voltage

A. Visual and Mechanical Inspection:

Compare equipment nameplate data with drawings and specifications.
Inspect physical and mechanical condition.
Inspect anchorage, alignment, and grounding.
Verify that all maintenance devices such as special tools and gauges specified by the manufacturer are available for servicing and operating the breaker.
Verify the unit is clean.
Perform all mechanical operation tests on the operating mechanism in accordance with manufacturer’s published data.
Measure critical distances such as contact gap as recommended by manufacturer.
Inspect bolted electrical connections for high resistance using one or more of the following methods:

Use of low-resistance ohmmeter in accordance with Section 7.6.3.B.1.
Verify tightness of accessible bolted electrical connections by calibrated torquewrench method in accordance with manufacturer’s published data or Table 100.12.
Perform thermographic survey in accordance with Section 9.

Verify cell fit and element alignment.
Verify racking mechanism operation.
Verify appropriate lubrication on moving, current-carrying parts and on moving and sliding surfaces.
Perform contact-timing test.
*Perform trip/close coil current signature analysis.
*Perform mechanism motion analysis.
Record as-found and as-left operation counter readings.

B. Electrical Tests:

Perform resistance measurements through bolted connections with a low-resistance ohmmeter, if applicable, in accordance with Section 7.6.3.A.8.1.
Perform insulation-resistance tests for one minute on each pole, phase-to-phase and phase-toground with the circuit breaker closed, and across each open pole. Test voltage shall be in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. In the absence of manufacturer’s published data, use Table 100.1.
*Perform insulation-resistance tests on all control wiring with respect to ground. Applied potential shall be 500 volts dc for 300-volt rated cable and 1000 volts dc for 600-volt rated cable. Test duration shall be one minute. For units with solid-state components, follow manufacturer’s recommendation.
*Perform dynamic contact/pole resistance test.
Perform minimum pickup voltage tests on trip and close coils in accordance with manufacturer’s published data.
Verify correct operation of any auxiliary features such as electrical close and trip operation, trip-free, and antipump function.
Trip circuit breaker by operation of each protective device. Reset all trip logs and indicators.
*Perform power-factor or dissipation-factor tests on each pole with the breaker open and each phase with the breaker closed.
*Perform power-factor or dissipation-factor tests on each bushing equipped with a powerfactor/ capacitance tap. In the absence of a power-factor/ capacitance tap, perform hot-collar tests. These tests shall be in accordance with the test equipment manufacturer’s published data.
*Perform magnetron atmospheric condition (MAC) test on each vacuum interrupter.
Perform vacuum bottle integrity (dielectric withstand voltage) test across each vacuum bottle with the breaker in the open position in strict accordance with manufacturer’s published data.
Perform a dielectric withstand voltage test in accordance with manufacturer’s published data.
Verify operation of heaters.
Test instrument transformers in accordance with Section 7.10.

C. Test Values – Visual and Mechanical

Critical distance measurements such as contact gap shall be in accordance with the manufacturer’s published data. (7.6.3.A.7)
Compare bolted connection resistance values to values of similar connections. Investigate values which deviate from those of similar bolted connections by more than 50 percent of the lowest value. (7.6.3.A.8.1)
Bolt-torque levels shall be in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. In the absence of manufacturer’s published data, use Table 100.12. (7.6.3.A.8.2)
Results of the thermographic survey shall be in accordance with Section 9. (7.6.3.A.8.3)
Contact timing values shall be in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. (7.6.3.A.12)
Trip/close coil current values shall be in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. (7.6.3.A.13)
Travel and velocity values shall be in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. (7.6.3.A.14)
Operation counter shall advance one digit per close-open cycle. (7.6.3.A.15)

D. Test Values – Electrical

Compare bolted connection resistance values to values of similar connections. Investigate values which deviate from those of similar bolted connections by more than 50 percent of the lowest value.
Insulation-resistance values of circuit breakers shall be in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. In the absence of manufacturer’s published data, use Table 100.1. Values of insulation resistance less than this table or manufacturer’s recommendations should be investigated.
Insulation-resistance values of control wiring shall not be less than two megohms.
Microhm or dc millivolt drop values shall not exceed the high levels of the normal range as indicated in the manufacturer’s published data. In the absence of manufacturer’s published data, investigate values that deviate from adjacent poles or similar breakers by more than 50 percent of the lowest value.
Dynamic contact resistance values shall be in accordance with manufacturer’s published data.
Minimum pickup voltage of the trip and close coils shall conform to the manufacturer’s published data. In the absence of the manufacturer’s published data, refer to Table 100.20.
Auxiliary features shall operate in accordance with manufacturer’s published data.
Protective devices shall operate the breaker per system design.
Power-factor or dissipation-factor values shall be compared to manufacturer’s published data. In the absence of manufacturer’s published data the comparison shall be made to similar breakers.
Power-factor or dissipation-factor and capacitance values shall be within ten percent of nameplate rating for bushings. Hot collar tests are evaluated on a milliampere/milliwatt loss basis, and the results should be compared to values of similar bushings.
Evaluate each vacuum interrupter in accordance with test equipment manufacturer’s instructions.
If no evidence of distress or insulation failure is observed by the end of the total time of voltage application during the dielectric withstand test, the test specimen is considered to have passed the test.
Heaters shall be operational.
Results of instrument transformer tests shall be in accordance with Section 7.10.

NETA ATS

7.6.2 Circuit Breakers, Oil, Medium- and High-Voltage

A. Visual and Mechanical Inspection:

Compare equipment nameplate data with drawings and specifications.
Inspect physical and mechanical condition.
Inspect anchorage, alignment, grounding, and required clearances.
Verify that all maintenance devices such as special tools and gauges specified by the manufacturer are available for servicing and operating the breaker.
Verify correct oil level in all tanks and bushings.
Verify that breather vents are clear.
Verify the unit is clean.
Inspect hydraulic system and air compressor in accordance with manufacturer’s published data.
Test alarms and pressure-limit switches for pneumatic and hydraulic operators as recommended by the manufacturer.
Perform mechanical operation tests on the operating mechanism in accordance with manufacturer’s published data.
While performing internal inspection:

Remove oil. Lower tanks or remove manhole covers as necessary. Inspect bottom of tank for broken parts and debris.
Inspect lift rod and toggle assemblies, contacts, interrupters, bumpers, dashpots, bushing current transformers, tank liners, and gaskets.
Verify that contact sequence is in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. In the absence of manufacturer’s published data, refer to ANSI/IEEE C37.04.
Fill tank(s) with filtered oil.

Inspect bolted electrical connections for high resistance using one or more of the following methods:

Use of low-resistance ohmmeter in accordance with Section 7.6.2.B.1.
Verify tightness of accessible bolted electrical connections by calibrated torquewrench method in accordance with manufacturer’s published data or Table 100.12.
Perform thermographic survey in accordance with Section 9.

Verify cell fit and element alignment, if applicable.
Verify racking mechanism operation, if applicable.
Perform contact-timing test.
Perform mechanism-motion analysis.
*Perform trip/close coil current signature analysis.
Verify appropriate lubrication on moving current-carrying parts and on moving and sliding surfaces.
Record as-found and as-left operation counter readings.

B. Electrical Tests:

Perform resistance measurements through bolted connections with a low-resistance ohmmeter, if applicable, in accordance with Section 7.6.2.A.12.1
Perform insulation-resistance tests for one minute on each pole, phase-to-phase and phase-toground with circuit-breaker closed, and across each open pole. Test voltage shall be in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. In the absence of manufacturer’s published data, use Table 100.1.
Perform a static contact/pole resistance test.
*Perform a dynamic contact/pole resistance test.
*Perform insulation-resistance tests on all control wiring with respect to ground. Applied potential shall be 500 volts dc for 300-volt rated cable and 1000 volts dc for 600-volt rated cable. Test duration shall be one minute. For units with solid-state components, follow manufacturer’s recommendation.
Remove a sample of insulating liquid in accordance with ASTM D 923. Sample shall be tested in accordance with the referenced standard.

Dielectric breakdown voltage: ASTM D 877
Color: ANSI/ASTM D 1500
Power factor: ASTM D 924
Interfacial tension: ASTM D 971
Visual condition: ASTM D 1524
Neutralization number (acidity): ASTM D974
Water content: ASTM D1533

Perform minimum pickup voltage tests on trip and close coils in accordance with manufacturer’s published data.
Verify correct operation of any auxiliary features such as electrical close and trip operation, trip-free, antipump function.
Trip circuit breaker by operation of each protective device. Reset all trip logs and indicators.
Perform power-factor or dissipation-factor tests on each pole with breaker open and each phase with breaker closed. Determine tank loss index.
Perform power-factor or dissipation-factor tests on each bushing equipped with a powerfactor/ capacitance tap. In the absence of a power-factor/ capacitance tap, perform hot-collar tests. These tests shall be in accordance with the test equipment manufacturer’s published data.
*Perform a dielectric withstand voltage test in accordance with manufacturer’s published data.
Verify operation of heaters.
Test instrument transformers in accordance with Section 7.10.

C. Test Values – Visual and Mechanical

Settings for alarm, pressure, and limit switches shall be in accordance with owner’s specifications. In the absence of owner’s specifications use manufacturer’s published data. (7.6.2.A.9)
Compare bolted connection resistance values to values of similar connections. Investigate values which deviate from those of similar bolted connections by more than 50 percent of the lowest value. (7.6.2.A.12.1)
Bolt-torque levels shall be in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. In the absence of manufacturer’s published data, use Table 100.12. (7.6.2.A.12.2)
Results of the thermographic survey shall be in accordance with Section 9. (7.6.2.A.12.3)
Contact timing values shall be in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. (7.6.2.A.15).
Travel and velocity values shall be in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. (7.6.2.A.16)
Trip/close coil current values shall be in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. (7.6.2.A.17).
Operations counter shall advance one digit per close-open cycle. (7.6.2.A.19)

D. Test Values – Electrical

Compare bolted connection resistance values to values of similar connections. Investigate values which deviate from those of similar bolted connections by more than 50 percent of the lowest value.
Insulation-resistance values of circuit breakers shall be in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. In the absence of manufacturer’s published data, use Table 100.1. Values of insulation resistance less than this table or manufacturer’s recommendations should be investigated.
Microhm or dc millivolt drop values shall not exceed the high levels of the normal range as indicated in the manufacturer’s published data. If manufacturer’s published data is not available, investigate values that deviate from adjacent poles or similar breakers by more than 50 percent of the lowest value.
Dynamic contact resistance values shall be in accordance with manufacturer’s published data.
Insulation-resistance values of control wiring shall not be less than two megohms.
Insulating liquid test results shall be in accordance with Table 100.4.
Minimum pickup voltage of the trip and close coils shall conform to the manufacturer’s published data. In the absence of the manufacturer’s published data, refer to Table 100.20.
Auxiliary features shall operate in accordance with manufacturer’s published data.
Protective devices shall operate the breaker per system design.
Power-factor or dissipation-factor values and tank loss index shall be compared to manufacturer’s published data. In the absence of manufacturer’s published data, the comparison shall be made to test data from similar breakers or data from test equipment manufacturers.
Power-factor or dissipation-factor and capacitance values shall be within ten percent of nameplate rating for bushings. Hot collar tests are evaluated on a milliampere/milliwatt loss basis, and the results should be compared to values of similar bushings.
If no evidence of distress or insulation failure is observed by the end of the total time of voltage application during the dielectric withstand test, the test specimen is considered to have passed the test.
Heaters shall be operational.
Results of electrical tests on instrument transformers shall be in accordance with Section 7.10.

NETA ATS

7.6.4 Circuit Breakers, SF6

A. Visual and Mechanical Inspection:

Compare equipment nameplate data with drawings and specifications.
Inspect physical and mechanical condition.
Inspect anchorage, alignment, and grounding.
Verify that all maintenance devices such as special tools and gauges specified by the manufacturer are available for servicing and operating the breaker.
Verify the unit is clean.
When provisions are made for sampling, remove a sample of SF6 gas and test in accordance with Table 100.13. Do not break seal or distort “sealed-for-life” interrupters.
Inspect operating mechanism and/or hydraulic or pneumatic system and SF6 gas-insulated system in accordance with manufacturer’s published data.
Test for SF6 gas leaks in accordance with manufacturer’s published data.
Verify correct operation of alarms and pressure-limit switches for pneumatic, hydraulic, and SF6 gas pressure in accordance with manufacturer’s published data.
If recommended by manufacturer, slow close/open breaker and check for binding, friction, contact alignment, and penetration. Verify that contact sequence is in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. In the absence of manufacturer’s published data, refer to ANSI/IEEE C37.04.
Perform all mechanical operation tests on the operating mechanism in accordance with the manufacturer’s published data.
Inspect all bolted electrical connections for high resistance using one or more of the following methods:

Use of a low-resistance ohmmeter in accordance with Section 7.6.4.B.1.
Verify tightness of accessible bolted electrical connections by calibrated torquewrench method in accordance with manufacturer’s published data or Table 100.12.
Perform a thermographic survey in accordance with Section 9.

Verify the appropriate lubrication on moving current-carrying parts and on moving and sliding surfaces.
Perform contact-timing test.
*Perform trip/close coil signature analysis.
Perform mechanism motion analysis.
Record as-found and as-left operation counter readings.

B. Electrical Tests:

Perform resistance measurements through all bolted connections with a low-resistance ohmmeter, if applicable, in accordance with Section 7.6.4.A.12.1.
Perform insulation-resistance tests in accordance with Table 100.1 from each pole-to-ground with breaker closed and across open poles at each phase. For single-tank breakers, perform insulation resistance tests in accordance with Table 100.1 from pole-to-pole.
Perform a contact/pole-resistance test.
*Perform insulation-resistance tests on all control wiring with respect to ground. Applied potential shall be 500 volts dc for 300-volt rated cable and 1000 volts dc for 600-volt rated cable. Test duration shall be one minute. For units with solid-state components or for control devices that cannot tolerate the voltage, follow manufacturer’s recommendation.
Perform minimum pickup voltage tests on trip and close coils in accordance with manufacturer’s published data.
Verify correct operation of any auxiliary features such as electrical close and trip operation, trip-free, and antipump function. Reset all trip logs and indicators.
Trip circuit breaker by operation of each protective device.
Perform power-factor or dissipation-factor tests on each pole with the breaker open and on each phase with the breaker closed.
Perform power-factor or dissipation-factor tests on each bushing equipped with a powerfactor/ capacitance tap. In the absence of a power-factor/ capacitance tap, perform hot-collar tests. These tests shall be in accordance with the test equipment manufacturer’s published data.
*Perform a dielectric withstand voltage test in accordance with manufacturer’s published data.
Verify operation of heaters.
Test instrument transformers in accordance with Section 7.10.

C. Test Values – Visual and Mechanical

SF6 gas shall have values in accordance with Table 100.13. (7.6.4.A.6)
Results of the SF6 gas leak test shall confirm that no SF6 gas leak exists. (7.6.4.A.8)
Settings for alarm, pressure, and limit switches shall be in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. (7.6.4.A.9)
Compare bolted connection resistance values to values of similar connections. Investigate values which deviate from those of similar bolted connections by more than 50 percent of the lowest value. (7.6.4.A.12.1)
Bolt-torque levels shall be in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. In the absence of manufacturer’s published data, use Table 100.12. (7.6.4.A.12.2)
Results of the thermographic survey shall be in accordance with Section 9. (7.6.4.A.12.3)
Contact timing values shall be in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. (7.6.4.A.14)
Trip/close coil current values shall be in accordance with manufacturer’s published data (7.6.4.A.15)
Travel and velocity values shall be in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. (7.6.4.A.16)
Operations counter shall advance one digit per close-open cycle. (7.6.4.A.17)

D. Test Values – Electrical

Compare bolted connection resistance values to values of similar connections. Investigate values which deviate from those of similar bolted connections by more than 50 percent of the lowest value.
Insulation-resistance values of circuit breakers shall be in accordance with manufacturer’s published data. In the absence of manufacturer’s published data, use Table 100.1. Values of insulation resistance less than this table or manufacturer’s recommendations should be investigated.
Microhm or dc millivolt drop values shall not exceed the high levels of the normal range as indicated in the manufacturer’s published data. In the absence of manufacturer’s published data, investigate values that deviate from adjacent poles or similar breakers by more than 50 percent of the lowest value.
Insulation-resistance values of control wiring shall not be less than two megohms.
Minimum pickup voltage of the trip and close coils shall conform to the manufacturer’s published data. In the absence of the manufacturer’s published data, refer to Table 100.20.
Auxiliary features shall operate in accordance with manufacturer’s published data.
Protective devices shall operate the breaker per the system design.
Power-factor or dissipation-factor values shall be compared to manufacturer’s published data. In the absence of manufacturer’s published data, the comparison shall be made to test data from similar breakers or data from test equipment manufacturers.
Power-factor or dissipation-factor and capacitance test values shall be within ten percent of nameplate rating for bushings. Hot collar tests are evaluated on a milliampere/milliwatt loss basis, and the results shall be compared to values of similar bushings.
If no evidence of distress or insulation failure is observed by the end of the total time of voltage application during the dielectric withstand test, the test specimen is considered to have passed the test.
Heaters shall be operational.
Results of electrical tests on instrument transformers shall be in accordance with Section 7.10.

NETA ATS / MTS

TABLE 100.1

NETA ATS / MTS

TABLE 100.7

NETA ATS / MTS

TABLE 100.8

NETA ATS / MTS

TABLE 100.12

NETA ATS / MTS

TABLE 100.20